*X* = Monthly record    **X** = All-time record

ID	City	Country	Type and unofficial status	Current Temp. (°F)	Unofficial Daily/Monthly Record (°F)	Margin of Daily Record (°F)	Year of Daily Record	Database Length (years)
KVCV	George AFB / Victorvi, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*93.2*	82.4/89.6	10.8	2016	67
KSBD	Norton AFB / San Bern, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*98.6*	88.0/98.1	10.6	1988	66
KMCC	Sacramento, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*87.8*	78.3/86.0	9.5	1960	74
KSUN	Hailey, ID	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*73.4*	64.4/69.8	9.0	2007	52
KRNO	Reno, NV	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*84.9*	75.9/81.0	9.0	2001	79
KJAC	Jackson Hole, WY	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	64.0	55.4/64.9	8.6	2007	52
KBNO	Burns, OR	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*78.1*	70.0/75.9	8.0	2024	52
KLOL	Lovelock, NV	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*84.9*	77.0/82.9	7.9	1997	74
KELY	Ely, NV	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*79.0*	71.1/75.9	7.9	2004	72
KLUF	Luke AFB / Phoenix, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*101.7*	94.3/98.1	7.4	2017	80
KTRK	Truckee-Tahoe, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*75.2*	68.0/73.4	7.2	2001	52
KMHR	Sacramento, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	87.8	80.6/88.0	7.2	2015	75
KGYR	Goodyear Municipal, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*100.4*	93.2/98.6	7.2	2017	38
KRHV	San Jose / Reid / Hillv, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	89.6	82.4/95.0	7.1	2010	38
KNID	China Lake, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*93.0*	86.0/91.9	7.0	2017	80
KIGM	Kingman, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*91.0*	84.0/89.1	7.0	2017	51
KDVT	Phoenix, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*100.0*	93.0/98.6	7.0	2017	38
KIPL	Imperial, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*102.9*	96.1/100.9	6.8	2017	52
KLSV	Nellis AFB, NV	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*94.8*	88.0/90.3	6.8	1972	56
KBCE	Bryce Canyon, UT	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*71.1*	64.9/69.1	6.1	2017	77
KPRB	Paso Robles, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*93.9*	87.8/93.0	6.1	1997	72
CYYF	Penticton, B. C.	Canada	HIGH: BROKEN	68.0	61.9/68.9	6.1	2021	47
KTVL	South Lake Tahoe, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*73.0*	66.9/71.1	6.0	1988	51
KSDL	Scottsdale, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*100.0*	93.9/97.0	6.0	2017	38
KDPG	Dugway Proving Grounds, UT	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*83.1*	77.0/80.6	6.0	1997	59
KNSI	San Nicholas Island, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	88.0	82.0/102.9	6.0	1984	81
KGCN	Grand Canyon National Park, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*79.0*	73.0/77.0	6.0	2017	35
KWJF	Lancaster, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*91.9*	86.0/91.0	5.9	2004	51
KVIS	Visalia Municipal, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*91.9*	86.0/89.6	5.9	2004	48
KPRC	Prescott, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*84.0*	78.1/82.9	5.9	2017	77
KNJK	El Centro, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*102.0*	96.1/100.9	5.9	2017	57
KFLG	Flagstaff, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*75.0*	69.1/72.0	5.9	2017	77
KDAG	Daggett, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*95.0*	89.1/93.9	5.9	2017	77
KTPH	Tonopah, NV	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*81.0*	75.2/79.0	5.8	1997	78
KSOW	Show Low Municipal, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	78.8	73.0/82.4	5.8	2017	40
KEDW	Edwards AFB, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*93.2*	87.8/89.6	5.4	2004	84
KIWA	Mesa, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	98.6	93.2/100.4	5.3	2017	80
KUKI	Ukiah, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	89.1	83.8/90.0	5.3	1996	69
KSDB	Sandberg, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	81.0	75.9/82.9	5.0	2016	77
KMYV	Marysville, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	87.1	82.0/88.0	5.0	2015	54
KMOD	Modesto, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*90.0*	84.9/87.1	5.0	2004	52
KMCE	Merced, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	88.0	82.9/93.9	5.0	2004	42
KDRA	Mercury, NV	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*89.1*	84.0/87.1	5.0	2017	43
KCDC	Cedar City, UT	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	79.0	73.9/81.0	5.0	2004	77
KBLU	Emigrant Gap, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	72.0	66.9/80.1	5.0	2015	69
KSMF	Sacramento, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	86.0	81.0/88.0	5.0	2015	52
KNFL	Fallon, NV	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*86.0*	81.0/84.0	5.0	1997	78
KAAT	Alturas, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*77.0*	72.0/77.0	5.0	1988	42
KPHX	Phoenix, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*100.9*	96.1/100.0	4.8	2017	77
KNYL	Yuma, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*102.9*	98.1/102.2	4.8	2017	48
KLMT	Klamath Falls, OR	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*75.9*	71.1/75.0	4.8	1960	65
KIDA	Idaho Falls, ID	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*73.9*	69.1/73.0	4.8	2017	69
KFAT	Fresno, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	91.9	87.1/93.0	4.8	2004	81
KABQ	Albuquerque, NM	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*84.9*	80.1/84.0	4.8	2017	84
KEKO	Elko, NV	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*78.1*	73.4/78.1	4.6	1997	77
KBAB	Marysville, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*86.9*	82.4/84.2	4.5	2004	65
KGUC	Gunnison, CO	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	66.9	62.6/71.6	4.3	2007	52
KLAM	Los Alamos, NM	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	74.7	70.5/75.2	4.2	2017	41
KSIY	Montague, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*80.1*	75.9/80.1	4.1	1960	66
KSGU	Saint George, UT	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	89.1	84.9/91.4	4.1	2017	42
KMHS	Mount Shasta, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*78.1*	73.9/77.0	4.1	2024	76
KDLN	Dillon, MT	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	69.1	64.9/73.9	4.1	2017	73
KNUQ	Mountain View, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*84.2*	80.1/84.0	4.1	2010	79
KSUU	Fairfield / Travis AFB, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*86.4*	82.4/86.0	4.0	2004	81
KSCK	Stockton, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*88.0*	84.0/87.1	4.0	2004	76
KSAC	Sacramento, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	86.0	82.0/88.0	4.0	2004	78
KEGE	Eagle County Regional, CO	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	72.0	68.0/73.4	4.0	2017	77
KWMC	Winnemucca, NV	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*82.0*	78.1/80.1	3.9	1997	76
KRIW	Riverton, WY	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	73.9	70.0/79.0	3.9	2017	46
KDRO	Durango, CO	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*75.9*	72.0/75.9	3.9	2017	52
KBPI	Big Piney, WY	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	66.0	62.1/69.1	3.9	2007	45
KMMH	Mammoth / June Lakes, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*73.4*	69.8/73.4	3.6	2004	41
KBAM	Battle Mountain, NV	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*84.2*	80.6/84.0	3.6	1997	51
KMUO	Mountain Home AFB, ID	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*80.6*	77.0/79.0	3.5	1997	79
KBJC	Broomfield / Jeffco, CO	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*80.6*	77.0/80.6	3.5	2017	44
KSMN	Salmon, ID	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	75.0	71.6/75.9	3.4	2004	38
KPMD	Palmdale, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*91.0*	87.8/90.0	3.2	1997	48
KSTS	Santa Rosa, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	86.0	82.9/89.1	3.0	1984	55
KRWL	Rawlins, WY	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	68.0	64.9/73.0	3.0	2004	62
KPUC	Price, UT	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*77.0*	73.9/77.0	3.0	2017	47
KNXP	Twenty-Nine Palms, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*96.1*	93.0/93.0	3.0	1997	49
KLAS	Las Vegas, NV	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*93.0*	90.0/93.0	3.0	2017	77
KSJC	San Jose, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	84.9	82.0/89.1	2.9	2004	57
KVNY	Van Nuys, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	96.1	93.2/97.0	2.8	1997	62
KPIH	Pocatello, ID	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	73.9	71.1/75.0	2.8	2017	80
KAVX	Avalon, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	82.9	80.1/88.0	2.8	2001	42
KLXV	Leadville, CO	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	55.9	53.1/60.1	2.8	2017	35
KEVW	Evanston, WY	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	64.9	62.1/68.0	2.8	2007	52
KDMA	Davis-Monthan AFB, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	94.5	91.9/97.0	2.5	2017	82
KTRM	Thermal, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*102.9*	100.4/102.9	2.5	1997	60
KBIH	Bishop, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*84.9*	82.4/84.9	2.5	2004	79
KNLC	Lemoore, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*91.9*	89.6/91.9	2.3	2004	64
KGXF	Gila Bend AF, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	100.9	98.6/102.2	2.3	2004	43
KSAF	Santa Fe, NM	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	80.1	78.1/81.0	2.0	2017	62
KLGD	La Grande, OR	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	75.0	73.0/75.2	2.0	2024	41
KBFL	Bakersfield, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*93.9*	91.9/93.9	2.0	2004	83
KRBG	Roseburg, OR	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*82.0*	80.1/82.0	1.9	2024	70
KEED	Needles, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*100.0*	98.1/99.0	1.9	2017	66
KP60	Yellowstone Lake, WY	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*55.9*	54.0/55.0	1.9	2017	40
KPAO	Palo Alto Airport, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	82.4	80.6/86.0	1.8	2010	41
KPSP	Palm Springs, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*104.0*	102.2/102.2	1.8	1997	56
CYQZ	Quesnel Airport	Canada	HIGH: BROKEN	64.4	62.6/71.6	1.8	2024	48
ENBV	Berlevag	Norway	HIGH: BROKEN	39.2	37.6/44.6	1.6	2015	45
KGNT	Grants, NM	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	77.9	76.8/78.6	1.1	2017	57
KFHU	Fort Huachuca, AZ	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	86.4	85.3/86.9	1.1	2017	70
KTEX	Telluride, CO	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	62.6	61.5/63.0	1.1	2017	38
KGUP	Gallup, NM	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	77.0	75.9/80.1	1.0	2017	52
KGCC	Gillette, WY	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	71.1	70.0/81.0	1.0	2017	47
KLND	Lander, WY	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	73.0	72.0/75.9	1.0	2017	76
KVEL	Vernal, UT	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	75.9	75.0/78.1	.9	2004	52
KRDD	Redding, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	84.9	84.0/88.0	.9	2015	53
KRBL	Red Bluff, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	84.9	84.0/91.9	.9	2015	76
KMHV	Mojave, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	*90.5*	89.6/89.6	.9	1997	39
KCOD	Cody, WY	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	72.0	71.1/75.0	.9	2017	48
KCCR	Concord, CA	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	84.9	84.0/86.0	.9	2004	42
KALS	Alamosa, CO	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	73.9	73.0/75.9	.9	2017	76
NFTF	Fua'Amotu	Tonga	HIGH: BROKEN	89.6	88.7/102.2	.8	2012	44
CWRM	Rocky House	Canada	HIGH: BROKEN	61.0	60.4/72.5	.6	2019	48
KBKF	Aurora, CO	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	79.3	78.8/80.6	.5	2017	63
CYKA	Kamloops, B. C.	Canada	HIGH: BROKEN	68.0	67.5/74.7	.5	2024	47
CYXS	Prince George, B. C.	Canada	HIGH: BROKEN	57.2	56.8/68.5	.4	2024	58
KHIF	Hill AFB / Ogden, UT	United States	HIGH: BROKEN	75.0	74.8/77.0	.2	2017	83
KWRL	Worland, WY	United States	HIGH: TIE	75.9	75.9/81.0	0	2004	52
KTUS	Tucson, AZ	United States	HIGH: TIE	93.9	93.9/99.0	0	2017	78
KTAD	Trinidad, CO	United States	HIGH: TIE	82.0	82.0/84.9	0	2017	66
KSAD	Safford, AZ	United States	HIGH: TIE	91.0	91.0/91.9	0	2017	46
KRKS	Rock Springs, WY	United States	HIGH: TIE	69.1	69.1/72.0	0	2017	77
KPGA	Page, AZ	United States	HIGH: TIE	81.0	81.0/84.0	0	2017	48
KONT	Ontario, CA	United States	HIGH: TIE	95.0	95.0/97.0	0	1997	68
KMFR	Medford, OR	United States	HIGH: TIE	80.1	80.1/82.9	0	2024	77
KGXY	Greeley / Weld, CO	United States	HIGH: TIE	82.0	82.0/82.4	0	2017	37
KFMN	Farmington, NM	United States	HIGH: TIE	79.0	79.0/82.0	0	2017	76
KDMN	Deming, NM	United States	HIGH: TIE	88.0	88.0/90.0	0	2017	57
KDEN	Denver, CO	United States	HIGH: TIE	79.0	79.0/82.0	0	2017	41
KCRQ	Carlsbad, CA	United States	HIGH: TIE	78.1	78.1/93.0	0	2001	36
KCPR	Casper, WY	United States	HIGH: TIE	75.0	75.0/77.0	0	2017	81
KCEZ	Cortez, CO	United States	HIGH: TIE	75.0	75.0/79.0	0	2017	52
KBYI	Burley, ID	United States	HIGH: TIE	77.0	77.0/77.9	0	1997	70
KBUR	Burbank, CA	United States	HIGH: TIE	*95.0*	95.0/95.0	0	1997	76
KBTM	Butte, MT	United States	HIGH: TIE	66.0	66.0/73.0	0	2017	62
KBOI	Boise, ID	United States	HIGH: TIE	79.0	79.0/81.0	0	1997	91
KASE	Aspen, CO	United States	HIGH: TIE	66.9	66.9/69.1	0	2017	52
ENHF	Hammerfest	Norway	HIGH: TIE	41.0	41.0/50.0	0	2015	43
KTWF	Twin Falls, ID	United States	HIGH: TIE	75.0	75.2/79.0	-.2	1997	52
KHMN	Holloman AFB, NM	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	86.4	87.1/91.0	-.6	1989	81
KTCS	Truth Or Consequences, NM	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	84.0	84.9/88.0	-.9	2017	75
KSLC	Salt Lake City, UT	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	78.1	79.0/80.1	-.9	2017	79
KONO	Ontario, OR	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	75.0	75.9/81.0	-.9	2004	44
KOGD	Ogden, UT	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	75.0	75.9/79.0	-.9	2017	60
KOAK	Oakland, CA	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	78.1	79.0/86.0	-.9	2004	78
KNUC	San Clemente, CA	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	80.1	81.0/87.8	-.9	1988	69
KLGU	Logan, UT	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	75.0	75.9/75.9	-.9	2017	42
KBZN	Bozeman, MT	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	69.1	70.0/75.9	-.9	2007	59
KAFF	Air Force Academy, CO	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	76.1	77.0/77.0	-.9	2017	52
KOMK	Omak, WA	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	72.0	73.0/75.0	-1.0	2024	46
CWEH	Eastend Cypress, Sask	Canada	HIGH: CLOSE	57.6	58.6/68.7	-1.0	2017	48
KSXT	Sexton Summit, OR	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	66.9	68.0/70.0	-1.0	1960	77
KSFO	San Francisco, CA	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	77.0	78.1/82.9	-1.0	2010	77
KRDM	Redmond, OR	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	75.9	77.0/79.0	-1.0	2024	81
KINW	Winslow, AZ	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	82.9	84.0/86.0	-1.0	2017	77
KBKE	Baker City, OR	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	73.9	75.0/77.9	-1.0	2024	69
KAPA	Denver, CO	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	77.0	78.1/80.1	-1.0	2017	43
CYQF	Red Deer, Alta.	Canada	HIGH: CLOSE	57.2	58.3/77.0	-1.0	2021	47
ENSR	Sorkjosen	Norway	HIGH: CLOSE	44.6	46.0/54.3	-1.4	2024	43
NFNR	Rotuma	Fiji	HIGH: CLOSE	89.6	91.0/102.2	-1.4	2001	52
KRIV	Riverside / March AFB, CA	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	93.6	95.0/95.0	-1.4	1997	92
KHVE	Hanksville, UT	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	80.6	82.0/88.0	-1.4	2007	54
KSNY	Sidney, NE	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	79.0	80.6/82.9	-1.5	2004	59
ENGC	Gullfax Platform	Norway	HIGH: CLOSE	46.4	48.2/51.8	-1.8	2014	36
EFKE	Kemi	Finland	HIGH: CLOSE	39.2	41.0/49.3	-1.8	2015	62
CYYC	Calgary International, Alta.	Canada	HIGH: CLOSE	60.8	62.6/77.4	-1.8	2021	57
CYWL	Williams Lake, B. C.	Canada	HIGH: CLOSE	59.0	60.8/67.1	-1.8	2024	48
CYKY	Kindersley, Sask.	Canada	HIGH: CLOSE	55.4	57.2/78.3	-1.8	1991	47
CYBW	Calgary / Springbank	Canada	HIGH: CLOSE	57.2	59.0/73.4	-1.8	2024	36
KCVS	Cannon AFB / Clovis, NM	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	85.1	86.9/89.2	-1.8	2017	78
KFNL	Fort Collins, CO	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	80.1	82.0/82.4	-1.9	2017	38
KBFF	Scottsbluff, NE	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	81.0	82.9/84.9	-1.9	2017	79
KLVS	Las Vegas, NM	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	75.0	77.0/79.0	-2.0	2017	72
KLIC	Limon, CO	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	77.0	79.0/82.0	-2.0	2017	52
KEUG	Eugene, OR	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	75.0	77.0/78.1	-2.0	2019	77
KDLS	The Dalles, OR	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	75.0	77.0/79.9	-2.0	2024	70
KSVC	Silver City / Grant, NM	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	81.9	84.0/87.8	-2.0	2009	47
KLAR	Laramie, WY	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	66.9	69.1/71.1	-2.1	2017	60
KCMA	Camarillo, CA	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	82.0	84.2/93.9	-2.2	1997	51
KFCS	Fort Carson, CO	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	77.9	80.2/80.4	-2.3	2017	57
NSTU	Pago Pago	US Minor Outlying Islands	HIGH: CLOSE	88.9	91.8/122.0	-2.8	2023	61
ENHV	Honningsvag / Valan	Norway	HIGH: CLOSE	37.4	40.3/46.4	-2.9	2015	41
SPME	Tumbes	Peru	HIGH: CLOSE	89.6	92.5/103.3	-2.9	1988	51
KYKM	Yakima, WA	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	73.0	75.9/80.1	-2.9	2024	77
KLRU	Las Cruces, NM	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	84.0	86.9/88.2	-2.9	2017	57
KELP	El Paso, El Paso Intl Arpt	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	87.1	90.0/93.0	-2.9	2017	84
KCYS	Cheyenne, WY	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	73.0	75.9/75.9	-2.9	2017	77
CWMQ	Maplecreek	Canada	HIGH: CLOSE	64.0	66.9/73.4	-2.9	2017	35
KSHR	Sheridan, WY	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	72.0	75.0/80.1	-3.0	1997	77
KCAG	Craig, CO	United States	HIGH: CLOSE	72.0	75.0/77.0	-3.0	2017	44
KMFV	Melfa / Accomack Airport, VA	United States	LOW: CLOSE	31.1	28.4/15.8	2.7	2007	49
GCLA	La Palma / Aeropuerto	Spain	LOW: CLOSE	59.0	56.3/32.0	2.7	1996	57
SKEJ	Barrancabermeja / Yariguies	Colombia	LOW: CLOSE	75.2	73.0/57.2	2.2	1966	58
VOMM	Madras / Minambakkam	India	LOW: CLOSE	71.6	69.4/64.4	2.1	1989	58
VTPB	Phetchabun	Thailand	LOW: CLOSE	68.0	66.2/53.8	1.8	2011	64
LPPS	Porto Santo	Portugal	LOW: CLOSE	51.8	50.4/31.8	1.4	1984	52
ID	City	Country	Type and unofficial status	Current Temp. (°F)	Unofficial Daily/Monthly Record (°F)	Margin of Daily Record (°F)	Year of Daily Record	Database Length (years)